
Jesus, writes Richard Hayes, is 'a "king" who claims an ultimate allegiance that transcends Caesar’s jurisdiction'. If the church is to live in this reality, how might it be perceived by the wider world; and how will it appear as it lives out the fundamental distinction of church and empire, which is often mingled? Jesus’ is presented as a non-violent leader in the midst of an aggressive empire who refused "to defer to the existing political authority" (126). As in the early church, the contemporary church finds the “kings of the earth” in opposition to her Lord, and His kingdom (Ps. 2.2; Acts 4.26; Rev. 19.19). Thus, the church must guard itself against the notion that it has a responsibility to accept power over the other. Rather, like Jesus and the early church, it is to re-socialize people into its community life which defines its norms by the life and teachings of Jesus (Acts 26.18; Matt. 11.28-30). Thus the church will appear and be a counter-cultural witnessing community that orients its life around the reality that God’s kingdom has come (Acts 17.6-7); i.e., making present what is yet to come (Matt. 6.10; living eschatologically).
Quotations from Richard Hayes in The Moral Vision of the New Testament. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

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